Many chemical reactions are carried out in solutions, and solutions are also closely related to our everyday lives.

When two liquids dissolve in each other, the major component is called the solventand the minor component is called the solute. When a gaseous or solid material dissolves in a liquid, the gas or solid material is called the solute. If both components in a solution are 50%, the term solute can be assigned to either component. The major component of the solution is called solvent, and the minor component(s) are called solute. Distinguish unsaturated, saturated, and supersaturated solutions.Distinguish solutions, mixtures, and colloids.Define these terms: solution, solute, and solvent.In this chapter, you will learn about the special characteristics of solutions, how solutions are characterized, and some of their properties. In our understanding of chemistry, we need to understand a little bit about solutions.

In fact, much of the chemistry that occurs in our own bodies takes place in solution, and many solutions-such as the Ringer’s lactate IV solution-are important in healthcare. A lot of the chemistry occurring around us happens in solution. Solutions are a large part of everyday life. Much of what we drink-for example, soda, coffee, tea, and milk are solutions. If you live near a lake, a river, or an ocean, that body of water is not pure H 2O but most probably a solution. Recall from Chapter 1 that solutions are defined as homogeneous mixtures that are mixed so thoroughly that neither component can be observed independently of the other. Chapter 7: Solutions A nd Solution Stoichiometry 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Types of Solutions 7.3 Solubility 7.4 Temperature and Solubility 7.5 Effects of Pressure on the Solubility of Gases: Henry’s Law 7.6 Solid Hydrates 7.7 Solution Concentration 7.7.1 Molarity 7.7.2 Parts Per Solutions 7.8 Dilutions 7.9 Ion Concentrations in Solution 7.10 Focus on the Enivironment: Lead Pollution 7.11 Summary 7.12 References

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